Author: Olaf Brenn

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Paper: Human Coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor is a putative target of neutrophil elastase-mediated shedding

AbstractDuring viral-induced myocarditis, immune cells migrate towards the site of infection and secrete proteases, which in turn can act as sheddases by cleaving extracellular domains of transmembrane proteins. We were interested in the shedding of the Coxsackie- and adenovirus receptor (CAR) that acts as an entry receptor for both eponymous viruses, which cause myocarditis. CAR shedding by secreted immune proteases could result in a favourable outcome of myocarditis as CAR’s extracellular domain would be removed from the cardiomyocytes’ surface leading to decreased susceptibility to ongoing viral infections.
AuthorsLeonie Herrmann, Louise Schelletter, Raimund Hoffrogge, Karsten Niehaus, Volker Rudolph & Martin Farr
Published onMolecular Biology Reports volume 49, pages 3213–3223 (2022)
Linkhttps://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11033-022-07153-2
LabImage InfoGel and Blot data was analyzed with LabImage 1D
  
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Paper: Hepatoprotective effect of Physalis divaricata in paracetamol induced hepatotoxicity: In vitro, in silico and in vivo analysis

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance

Physalis divaricata D. Don. is an erect weed of family Solanaceae. The root extract of this plant is used by the indigenous communities of Sub-Himalayan region of Uttarakhand, India for the treatment of liver disorders.
Aim of the study

To evaluate hepatoprotective potential of P. divaricata in paracetamol (PCM) induced hepatotoxicity in rats.
Materials and methods

The dried roots of P. divaricata were subjected to extraction using different solvents. The chloroform extract, methanol extract and bioactive aqueous fraction of methanol extract were evaluated for hepatoprotective effect. After initial in vitro screening, all extracts were screened for hepatoprotective potential in PCM (3 g/kg p.o) induced hepatotoxicity. Following PCM administration, extracts were administered orally for 7 days in increasing dose concentrations. All the animals were euthanized on eighth day, serum and liver tissues were collected and subjected to various biochemical and histopathological analysis. Aqueous fraction of methanol extract was further analyzed using LC- MS analysis.
Results

Methanol extract and its bioactive aqueous fraction exhibited significant and better in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activity as compared to chloroform extract. PCM treatment caused hepatotoxicity as assessed by altered levels of various hepatic biomarkers (increase in the levels of ALT, AST, ALP, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol, TBARS, and AOPPs as well as decrease in GSH and TrxR levels) along with histopathological changes (portal to portal bridging, necrosis, and inflammation). Methanolic extract (200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) and its aqueous fraction treatment (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly restored elevated hepatic biomarkers, oxidative stress, and protected normal hepato-architecture. LC-MS analysis of aqueous fraction showed presence of rutin and kaempferol. In silico analysis further showed the capability of rutin to make complex with TNF-α and block its interaction with the target site.
Conclusion

Aqueous fraction showed maximum hepatoprotective potential as conceived through in vitro and in vivo studies. Presence of rutin may explain hepatoprotective potential of P. divaricata.
Authors Hasandeep Singha
Tanveer Singh
Amrit Pal Singh
Sarabjit Kaur
Saroj Arorac
Balbir Singha
Published on Journal of Ethnopharmacology
Volume 290, 23 May 2022, 115024
Link https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874122000587
LabImage Info Gel and Blot data was analyzed with LabImage 1D